Fluid shock-absorber.



F. V. PH!LLIPS.

FLUID SHOCK ABSORBER.

kPFLlCATION FILED JUNE 23. 191 s.

1,2553%. Y Patented Feb. 5,1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I W e T 1/ F. v. PHILUPS.

FLUIDSHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLlCATlON FILED JUNEZS, 191.6. 1,255,787. 7 Patented 5, 1918.

Z SHEETS SHEEI' 2.

LL v I AL mu 1 I h illn] or less completely make and use the specification in Letters Zatcnt'.

.i'ip llcelon filed June .233, me. :llerial 250. w en.

To all whom 5r) may concern: I Be it known: that l, Framers if. l nzmsrs,

citizen of the United Pilate, residing at Orlando, in the county of In-angle, .Stnte of Florida, have inrenlerl certain new anti useful Improvements in l luiil Shoeleiihsorbers; and I do hereby declare the following to he a scr en; and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it nppertuins to same.

This, invention relates to shock absorbers such as are used in connection with. automobiles and other types of vehicles for the purpose ofnhsorhing the shocks incident to the compressive llilll reaction movements of the s 'n'ings, More especially the invention relntes to a shock nhsorlmr oi the fluid type wherein there is employed :1 piston and cylinder, the piston having, a, small passage thcrethrough and the eylimler being more movement of the pislon is resisted by reason of the resistance to the passage of the fluid through the small opening or passage.

Hcretofore in devices of this character it has heen fouml dillicult to provide for the necessary length of movement of the piston in the cylinder it being usual to place such cylinders in a struction and height of the car interfering with such positioning of the cylinders in places where they willhe free from injury by contact with objects on the road. Qne of the important objects of the invention is to provide :in construction or" device of this character wherein the device may he used in such position that it will be free from the probability of accidental injury from objects along the road and wherein the piston movement while sullieient to allow for the entire movement of the springs, will he shortened by means of the arrengei'nent usetl so that a shorfi cylinder may be utilized.

It is also found that devices of this charactor lack in the important feature of reg- Illa-ting the movement of the piston so that it, will have greater rcsistence in moving in one (lireetion than in the other.

A second importanh ohjcct of the present invention is to provide a rlevice this character so constructed and that the resistance to the movement or the piston in. either direction he reguletechlhe resistance to n'ioremeizit in one direction lbsfilled with fluid so that;

vertical position and the con 1 improved general.

ing regulated independently of the resistance to movement in the other direction.

Furthermore it has been foui'id that where :in attempt has been made to provide a plurality of valves in the piston for regulating the movement the cylinder could not he filled completely with the usual liquids em ploycd since the quantity of liquid displaced by the stems of valves in moving" in one direction not compensated by the space left by the movement of the piston rod in the s-nne direction end vice verse.

A. third important object of the invention is to provide an improved structure of this character wherein the valve stems and pis ton rorl will he so arranged as to perfectly compensate for each other.

With the above and other objects in View, as will he hercinultcr apparent the invention consists in general of certain novel details of construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the nccmnpouring r Cally claimed. 7

ln the 116C011! pnnying drawings, like chin actors of reference indicate like psrtsfin the several views, 1Il(lZ'-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a set of double elliptic springs showing the device applied thcrelo in its noru'ial position.

Fig. 2 is an. enlarged lop'pliin view'of the device, the valve stem lust cop heing hrohen sway.

Fig. 3 is n vertical cenirzil longitudinal section through the structure shown in Fig. 2, with parts in elcr'nl'iz'in.

l igz. 4 is a detail section of pert of the device shown in 3, one of the valve stems heing shown as holding the check valve used in closed, position.

Fig. 5 is a. detail view on line of Fig.

Fig. 6 is :1 detail View on the ol Fig. 3.

in the embodiment o the invention herein illustrated there has been shown :1 cylinder 10 having stone eml e. he -le ll which Is screwed into the cy" rlcr .inc'l from which projects a pair of core 112 provider}. with hell: receiving openings Kl. in: the encl of the cylinder there is her. screwed, into the cylinder her k portion the same the Ellichlhly "1 c3 -intl-er c.

ill-5 inder. This circular portion is threaded extcriorly for the reception of a sleeve 22 which slides over the cylinder and head 14 so as to form a dust cap for this end of the cylinder. Passing through each of the ears 12 are bolts 23 and on the ends of these bolts are mounted pairs of arms 24- which .are held in spaced relation at their opposite ends by means of a thimble 25 arranged to receive a bolt 26, this bolt being one of the attaching bolts of a clip 27 adapted to secure the respective pair of arms 24: to the upper or lower half of the elliptic spring 28. .Bolts 29 are provided intermediate the ends of each pair of the arms 24: and similar bolts 30 pass through the yolre eyes 20. Se.- cured to each of the bolts 29 and 30 is a member 31 which is threaded interiorly, the

threads on the members secured to the yoke being of opposite hand to the members secured to the bolts 29. At 32 are rods which have right and left hand screws on their ends so as to engage in thethreaded recesses of the members 31 and each of these rods is provided with a polygonal central ortion constituting a nut 33 so that by turning the nut 33 the bolts 30 and 29 may be caused to move to or from each other.

When the free ends of the arms 24 are moved toward each other in a perpendicular line, such as is the case when the springs 86 are compressed, then the cylinder 10 will move in one direction and the piston 15 in the opposite direction. When these ends move apart in the same straight line the cylinder and piston will each move in the opposite direction. Now, by reason of the angles at which the arms 24 are set a relatively great movement of the ends connected to the clips 27 is necessary in order-to effect a relatively small movement of the piston 15 and cylinder 10 so that the full compressive or expansive tendency of the springs may be met by a comparatively short movement of the piston in the cylinder. 1 Opening through the center of the'piston 1s a passage 37 having its inner end communicating with a cross passage 38 from whence leads a pair of passages 39 opening on'the opposite face of the piston 15 to the opening 37. Alined with these passages 39 are threaded openings 40 wherein are screwed the threaded ends of apair of valve rods 01' stems indicated respectively at 41' and 42. These rods or stems 41 and 42 pass through stalling boxes 43 formed in the head 11 and these boxes are provided with the wearer usual glands 4L4 so that the lealrage of liquid from the cylinder around the rods 41 and 42 is prevented. The outer ends of these rods are provided with suitable arrangements for engagement by a turning tool, the arrange ment here being illustrated as transverse openings 45.

The inner ends of the passages 39 are formed as valve seats and the end of the valve rod 42 is similarly formed as a valve. The end of the rod ll is hollow as shown at 46 and in this hollow portion is located a spiral spring 47 which protrudes from the end oi? the rod and engages a ball check valve 48 and urges said'valve constantly toward its seat in the inner end of its passage 39.

It is obvious that by adjustment of the rods 41 the spring holding end of said rod may be brought lnto contact with the ball l8 and thus force it firmly against its seat and hold it from all movement away from said seat. It is likewise obvious that by proper movement of the rod 42 the valve end may be caused to approach or recede from the seat so that the passage formed by the separate openings 37, 38, and 39 on the side-controlled by this valve rod or stem 42 may be varied in cross sectional area at will.

It is to be noted that care is exercised so that the cross sectional anea of the piston rod 16 will be equal to the combined cross sectional areas of the stems or rods 4!. and 4.2. Thus the movement of the piston 15 in either direction will displace from one side a quantity of the fluid contents of the cylinder while precisely the same amount of space which was formerly occupied by this displaced fluid will be afforded on the opposite side of said cylinder.

In order to protect the valve stems or rods 42 from collecting dust the head 11 can ries a dust cap 49 of substantially oval cross section as clearly shown in Fig. 6.

In the operation of the device if it is desired to have an oven resistance to the movement of the piston in either direction a ball check 48 is forced down on its seat by the rod 41 being turned in the proper direction. Then the rod 42 is adjusted to give the required resistance to the fluid flowing through the pa'ssages3-7, 38, and 39, the latter being that passage opposite the one closed by the ball valve 48. Under these conditions the flow of the fluid in either direction will be resisted equally. If it is desired to employ a greater resistance to the reactive movement 7 of the springs than to the compressive movement then the rod 41 is moved so as to allow the ball valve to move 0d of its seat when force is exerted to compress the spring 47.

Under these circumstances fluid will flow through both of the passages 39 when the springs are compressed, but, when the springs expand, one of the passages 39 will and eificient device of the pansion under the [cohohtions that the ball by the ball valve so that the fluid flow through the other one, thus 1 valve is opened.

There has thus been provided a simple for the purpose specified.

It is may be'made in the form and construction movable piston and cylinder, t

- controllin of the invention without departing fromrthe material principles thereof. It is not therefore desired to confine the invention to the exact form herein shown and described but it is wished to include all such as properly come within the scope claimed. i Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

1. A shock absorber includin a. relatively e piston being provided with a substantially U,-shaped fluid passage therethrough, a check valve associated with the said piston and arranged in one branch of the U-shaped passage for the flow of fluid therethrough in one direction, means of theothcr branch of the U-shaped passage and adapted to restrict the flow of fluid therethrou h upon movement of the piston in either direction, and means to efi'ectrelative movement of the piston and cylinder.

2. A shock absorber including a relatively movable cylinderprovided with heads and a piston having a plurality of fluid passages therein, acheck valve closing one of said pasb sages against movement of fluid in one dire'ction therethrough, means extending slidably through a head and carried by the piston to efiect variable restriction ofthe other passage, and means to effect relative movement of the piston and cylinder.

'3. A shock absorber including a relatively movable cylinder provided with heads and *Sfild passages against movement 0 greaterreslstance to movement in.

kind described and obvious that many minor chan es through a head and variably restrict the other passage, and

movable longitudinally In testimony ture, in the presence of two witnesses.

a piston having a pluralityof fluid passages therein, a check valve closin one of l fluid in one direction therethrough, means extending slidably through a head and carried by the piston to adjust the extent of opening of the check valve, and means to efiect relative movement of the piston and cylinder.

4. A shock absorber including a relatively movable cylinder provided with heads and a pistonhaving a plurality of fluid therein, 'a check valve closin one of said passages against movement 0 fluid in one direction therethrough, means extending slidably through a head and carried by the piston to adjust the extent of opening of the check valve, other means extending slidably carried by the piston to means to efi'eet relative movement of the piston and cylinder.

passages 5. A shock absorber including a relatively movable cylinder provided with headsand a piston having a plurality 'of fluid passages therein, a checkvalve closing one of said passages against movement of fluid in one direction therethrough, means. extending piston to adjust the extent of opening of the check valve, other and independent means extending slidably through a head and carried by the piston to variably restrict the other passage.

6. In a shock absorber, a relatively movable cylinder having heads and piston provided with a plurality of fluid passages, a piston, rod passing through one of the heads, independent means for controlling the flow of fluid through said passages and including a valve stem for each passage extending slidably through the other head, the comined cross sectional areas of said stems being equal to the cross sectional area of the ro whereof, I afiix my signa- FRANCIS V. PHILLIPS. Witnesses:

GEO. H. GHANDLEE, PHILIP F. LARNER.

, slidably-through a head and carried by the r 

